Vardhman Special Steels Ltd Q3 FY2026 Concall Summary & Transcript Notes

Source transcript PDF: https://www.stockscans.in/document/0lslk28fk0iamv6gx483v7fi.pdf

# 1. Financial Performance

## A. Key Figures
   *   **Revenue:** **₹430 Cr** Q3 (+1%) · **₹426 Cr** Q3 YoY
   *   **EBITDA:** **₹56 Cr** Q3 (+34%) · **₹42 Cr** Q3 YoY
   *   **PAT (9M):** **₹88 Cr** (9M) (+21%) · **₹73 Cr** (9M YoY)

## B. Revenue & Volume
   *   **Price-Volume Divergence:** Top-line growth constrained by declining prices despite **volume expansion**, indicating strong underlying demand offset by pricing pressure.

## C. EBITDA & Profitability
   *   **Strong EBITDA Leverage:** Robust double-digit EBITDA growth driven by operational efficiencies and **cost savings from reduced job work** on smaller billets.
   *   **Non-Operational Addbacks:** Operational EBITDA per ton stands at **₹9,263** in Q3, down from reported **₹10,200**, highlighting impact of **₹937 Cr** in non-core income.
   *   **Profit Trajectory:** 9M PAT at record levels with **full-year profit on track for all-time high**, supported by sustained margin performance and volume scale.

## D. Cash Flow & Capex
   *   **Major Capex Phase:** Current **₹2,000 Cr investment** represents a peak-cycle outlay, with management signaling **no near-term need for comparable follow-on spending**.

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# 2. Volume & Pricing Trends

## A. Key Figures
   *   **Q3 Sales Volume:** **55,000 tons** (rolled products, YoY) · **52,600 tons** prior year
   *   **Annual Sales Target:** **225,000 tons** (on track)
   *   **Production & Sales Run Rate:** **225,000 tons** current · **270,000–275,000 tons** targeted in 3 years

## B. Sales Volume Growth
   *   **Volume Resilience:** Strong YoY volume growth achieved despite price reductions, supported by healthy demand and stable raw material availability.
   *   **Capacity Constraints:** Near-full utilization evident—**5,000 additional tons** could have been sold this year if capacity allowed, highlighting demand absorption capability.
   *   **Growth Trajectory:** Sustained quarterly deliveries at **~55,000 tons** underpin confidence in hitting full-year volume targets and future expansion plans.

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# 3. Capacity & Production

## A. Key Figures
   *   **Reheating Furnace Commissioning:** **March 2024** (initial) · **Full benefits from May 2024**
   * Solar Power Start Date: Within 10 days of June completion; carbon footprint reduced from 0.73 to 0.48
   *   **New Forging Plant Investment:** **₹475 Cr**; targeted commissioning by **July 2028**
   *   **New Steel Plant Capacity:** **500,000 tons/year** (initial), expected commissioning **July 2029**; total group capacity to reach **~8 lakh tons**
   *   **Billet Production Capacity:** **5 lakh tons** to be added by **July 2029**, in addition to existing **3 lakh tons**

## B. Reheating Furnace & Operational Efficiency
   *   **In-House Processing Shift:** Reheating furnace commissioning will eliminate outsourced job work, improve yield, and reduce inventory, resolving current rolling bottlenecks.
   *   **Near-Term Execution Clarity:** Project remains on track for Q4 FY'26 commissioning with a planned February–March shutdown and one-month stabilization; full benefits expected from mid-April onward.
   *   **Cost and Sustainability Gains:** Solar plant nearing full operation will deliver **cheaper power** and meaningful carbon reduction, enhancing ESG profile and operating economics.

## C. Forging & Greenfield Expansion Timeline
   *   **Forging Plant First-Mover:** The forging facility is the first major project to be completed within the next two years, with final segment entry decisions (e.g., wire rods) expected within one year.
   *   **Steel Plant Progress:** Land acquisition for the Greenfield plant is in final stage; machinery supplier discussions underway to solidify development plan, keeping July 2029 target on track.
   *   **Scalable Design:** Forging plant infrastructure includes provisions for a second line at lower incremental cost, supporting future de-bottlenecking.

## D. Rolling & Testing Throughput Constraints
   *   **Rolling Capacity Limiting Output:** Current total rolled capacity of **~270,000 tons** (50,000 tons bright bar) is the primary constraint, soon to be alleviated by reheating furnace integration.
   *   **Next Bottleneck Identified:** NDT line capacity will cap high-quality steel output until expansion completes by **June/July 2026**, after which full production ramp can proceed.
   *   **Operational Flexibility Improved:** Reduced changeover times are enhancing responsiveness and are expected to drive working capital efficiency, with finished goods inventory set to decline in H1 of next fiscal.

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# 4. Product & Segment Expansion

## A. Key Figures
   *   **Non-Automotive Target:** ~**30%** of total business in 10 years
   *   **Production Goals:** **300,000 tons** billet · **270,000 tons** finished product
   *   **Testing Capacity:** **1,000 tons/month** on new NDT line

## B. Automotive Focus
   *   **Strategic Alliance Renewed:** Technical assistance agreement with **Aichi (Toyota Group)** extended for **three years**, reinforcing technology transfer and quality alignment.
   *   **Market Positioning:** Positioned as **second-largest special steel player by OEM width**, targeting **number one spot post-new plant commissioning**, despite trailing JSW and Tata Steel in scale.
   *   **Product Evolution:** Bright bars represent **minor value addition** over black bars, serving **cold-forging car segment** demands with zero surface defects; all products remain within **special steel** classification.
   *   **Growth Priorities:** No plans to exit low-margin lines—focus remains on **tripling sales** through volume scaling rather than segment pruning.

## C. Non-Automotive Entry
   *   **Strategic Diversification:** New plant enables entry into **non-automotive special steels**—targeting **bearings, defense, aerospace, oil & gas, and renewables**—a **60% global market** currently absent from portfolio.
   *   **Phased Expansion Plan:** Sequence prioritizes **forging plant → new steel plant → non-automotive segments**, with **preliminary 30% revenue target** in 10 years and first moves expected in **1–5 years**.
   *   **Technical Reinvestment:** Return to **ingot casting** for high-alloy steels (e.g., **high nickel, titanium-based**) due to **unsuitability of continuous casting**, enabling access to **tool & die, aerospace, and defense** applications.

## D. High-Alloy & Forging Plans
   *   **Capability Leap:** Greenfield plant unlocks **larger diameters (90 mm+)**, enabling supply to **crankshafts, commercial vehicles, and off-highway** segments previously inaccessible.
   *   **Quality & Validation:** **Kocks Block** improves bar roundness and quality, aiding **import substitution**; new **NDT line** (Jun-Jul) supports **high-end validation** for premium users with minimal production impact.
   *   **Margin Complexity:** **Sophisticated products not uniformly high-margin**—pricing and competition drive profitability, decoupling technical complexity from margin profile.

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# 5. Export & Customer Mix

## A. Direct Export Markets
   *   **Dominant Thailand Exposure:** Thailand represents the overwhelming majority of direct exports, with limited volumes to other Southeast Asian markets.
   *   **European Green Premium Emerging:** While no formal commercial benefits yet, green steel initiatives are yielding **preferential access** and heightened interest from European OEMs and Indian exporters serving Europe.

## B. Indirect Export Channels
   *   **C. S. and Europe Key via Tiered Supply Chain:** Indirect exports—channeled through component makers like **Sona Comstar** and **GNA Axles**—are predominantly destined for the U.S. and Europe, including via Mexico for U.S. market access.

## C. Domestic Customer Base
   *   **Stable Domestic Demand Post-Tariff Impact:** Sales resilience demonstrated after temporary off-take reductions from tariff-affected exporters, with demand fully recovered.
   *   **Broad India Market Focus:** Forging plant output will serve major domestic players including **Tata, Mahindra**, and key suppliers, extending beyond Toyota Group.

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# 6. Risks & Policy Uncertainty

## A. Green Steel Timing
   *   **Policy-Driven Demand Catalyst:** Green steel policy implementation could unlock significant demand pull, with major OEMs like **Maruti Suzuki** actively engaging on the topic.
   *   **Commercial Upside Conditional on Mandates:** Current focus is on branding and sustainability credentials; meaningful revenue potential hinges on **government mandates for minimum green steel usage**.
   *   **High Timing Uncertainty:** Policy enforcement window spans **2 to 10 years**, leading management to exclude green steel revenues from current forecasts despite expected rollout within 1–5 years.

## B. Raw Material Volatility
   *   **Near-Term Cost Pressure:** Rising raw material prices since late December expected to impact margins in **Q4 FY '26**, with greater pressure anticipated in **Q1 of next fiscal**.

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# 7. Guidance & Outlook

## A. Key Figures
   *   **EBITDA per Ton (Current Year):** **₹7,000–10,000**
   *   **EBITDA per Ton (Next Year+):** **₹8,000–11,000**
   *   **EBITDA Guidance (Raised From):** ₹7,000–9,000 to **₹8,000–11,000**

## B. EBITDA Outlook & Drivers
   *   **Raised Targets:** Sustainable EBITDA per ton guidance increased for next year onward, reflecting confidence in **efficiency gains** from initiatives like the Kocks Block operation.
   *   **Aspirational Upside:** Management targets **INR12,000 EBITDA per ton** as a longer-term ambition, signaling strong operational leverage potential beyond current guidance.

## C. Capacity Ramp-Up Plan
   *   **Operational Inflection:** Expected resolution of current constraints next year will enable unconstrained operations and deliver a **significant competitive advantage**.
   *   **Green Steel Timing:** Greenfield plant stabilization targeted in **~4 years**, aligning with green steel commercialization plans to ensure capacity readiness.