Nephro Care India is a pure-play kidney-care company built around a single insight: that renal disease demands a lifetime of integrated attention, not just a one-off procedure. Founded in 2014 by transplant surgeon Dr. Pratim Sengupta in Kolkata, it has grown from one clinic into a hub-and-spoke network that combines a multispecialty hospital, neighbourhood clinics, home care, and its own wellness programmes - all designed so a patient never has to leave the ecosystem. The recurring approach is to take a clinical speciality that is fragmented and under-served in Eastern India, then wrap a full stack of services around it - from AI diagnostics and low-cost dialysis machines to yoga-based lifestyle plans - and deliver them under one brand. # Business segments Three revenue lines that are really one patient journey - a hospital for procedures and emergencies, outpatient clinics for ongoing management, and an in-house pharmacy that fills the prescriptions written at both. ## 1. Inpatient services: the hospital where complex kidney care happens **Vivacity Multispecialty Hospital is a 100-bed facility purpose-built for renal and allied specialities, earning revenue from every overnight stay, surgery, and intensive-care episode.** - **Beds were added in phases** - not all 100 beds were operational throughout the first year, so the inpatient income reflects a ramp-up rather than a steady-state hospital. - **Transplant permission unlocks a new tier** - government approval to begin kidney transplant operations at Vivacity was received, with the programme planned to start in the second half of the current financial year, adding a high-value procedure line that few Eastern Indian centres offer. ## 2. Outpatient services: the clinics that keep patients out of the hospital **Four spoke clinics plus the hospital’s own OPDs generate revenue from consultations, diagnostics, and day procedures - the high-frequency, lower-acuity touchpoints that feed the inpatient pipeline.** - **A hub-and-spoke geography** - the flagship hospital in Madhyamgram is surrounded by clinics in Salt Lake, Shyambazar, Chandannagar, and Alipurduar, each independently equipped with its own staff and diagnostic tools so patients can be managed close to home. - **Diagnostics are the workhorse** - outpatient income includes physical examinations, lab tests, and imaging, with the Salt Lake flagship clinic housing a voice-controlled AI ultrasound system capable of head-to-toe scanning and liver-fat quantification. - **Telemedicine stretches the catchment** - virtual consultations allow the company to reach patients in Jharkhand, Odisha, and Assam without a physical clinic in every town, extending the brand beyond West Bengal. - **Partnerships act as extra spokes** - revenue-sharing agreements with hospitals in Ranchi, including a nephrology unit inside Tulip Hospital and a kidney-care clinic with Synergy Global Hospital, put the Nephro Care model into existing infrastructure under its own brand. ## 3. Pharmacy: the medicines that complete the loop **An in-house pharmacy dispenses drugs prescribed during OPD visits and at discharge, capturing the retail margin on the treatment plans the company’s own doctors write.** - **Prescriptions filled at the point of care** - revenue is recognised when the medicine is handed to the patient, typically on delivery at the hospital or clinic counter, so the sale is a direct consequence of a consultation that just happened. - **Inventory is kept lean and simple** - the pharmacy stocks drugs and consumables valued at the lower of cost (on a first-in-first-out basis) or net realisable value, which limits write-down risk on a fast-turning product line. - **Discounts are netted out** - reported pharmacy revenue is stated after deducting discounts, so the figure reflects what the company actually retains rather than a gross list price. # Shared capabilities: the digital and home-care layer **A set of technology and outreach assets that serve every segment - they do not earn revenue on their own, but they make the hospital, clinics, and pharmacy stickier and more efficient.** - **AI and electronic records tie the network together** - centralised Electronic Health Records mean a patient’s dialysis history from a spoke clinic is visible to the nephrologist at Vivacity, while AI-enabled diagnostics and real-time monitoring feed clinical decisions across locations. - **A low-cost dialysis machine is in the works** - the company is developing a prototype AI-enabled Smart Haemodialysis Machine with the National Institute of Technology, Silchar, aiming to cut the unit cost by 70-75% to roughly ₹2 lakh, which would make in-house and home dialysis economics far more attractive than relying on imported machines that cost ₹7.5-8 lakh. - **Home services extend the relationship** - Home Dialysis, Home Care (medicine delivery and sample collection), and the Mukti wellness programme (which blends modern medicine with yoga for kidney disease, diabetes, and obesity) keep patients engaged between clinic visits and are being explored for a franchisee rollout to other providers. # Group structure and partners **Nephro Care is a single operating company with a newly formed subsidiary and a network stitched together through collaborations rather than acquisitions.** - **No legacy group entanglements** - the company had no subsidiaries, associates, or joint ventures as of FY24, and it states plainly that it does not have any group companies. - **A subsidiary was created in late 2025** - Vivacity Multiple Ventures Private Limited was incorporated with Nephro Care holding 51%, authorised to run diagnostics centres, hospitals, clinics, and pathology labs, though it had not yet begun business at the time of incorporation. - **Public-sector partnerships provide credibility and access** - a Comprehensive Nephrology Centre with a 5-bedded ICU was inaugurated under a PPP with Tapan Sinha Memorial Hospital, managed by Metro Railway Kolkata, described as the first central-government-private healthcare collaboration of its kind in India. - **Academic and clinical collaborations fill R&D gaps** - the smart dialysis machine project is a co-development with NIT Silchar, while business collaboration agreements with Ranchi Nephrology Clinic and Synergy Global Hospital extend the clinical footprint without the capital outlay of owned clinics.